Linux—LAMP 架构介绍及环境搭建
LAMP 架构介绍及环境搭建1.LAMP分别代表什么？L代表服务器操作系统使用LinuxA代表网站服务使用的是Apache软件基金会中的httpd软件M代表网站后台使用的数据库是MySQL数据库P代表网站是使用PHP/Perl/Python等语言开发2.web服务器工作流程介绍web服务器的资源分为两种，静态资源和动态资源
静态资源就是指静态内容，客户端从服务器获得的资源的表现形式与原文件相同。可以简单的理解为就是直接存储于文件系统中的资源动态资源则通常是程序文件，需要在服务器执行之后，将执行的结果返回给客户端那么web服务器如何执行程序并将结果返回给客户端呢？下面通过一张图来说明一下web服务器如何处理客户端的请求
如图所示
①显示的是httpd服务器（即apache）和php服务器通过FastCGI协议进行通信，且php作为独立的服务进程运行②显示的是php程序和mysql数据库间通过mysql协议进行通信。php与mysql本没有什么联系，但是由Php语言写成的程序可以与mysql进行数据交互。同理perl和python写的程序也可以与mysql数据库进行交互2.1cgi与fastcgi上图中提到了FastCGI，下面我们来了解下CGI与FastCGI。
CGI（Common Gateway Interface，通用网关接口），CGI是外部应用程序（CGI程序）与WEB服务器之间的接口标准，是在CGI程序和Web服务器之间传递信息的过程。CGI规范允许Web服务器执行外部程序，并将它们的输出发送给Web浏览器，CGI将web的一组简单的静态超媒体文档变成一个完整的新的交互式媒体。
FastCGI（Fast Common Gateway Interface）是CGI的改良版，CGI是通过启用一个解释器进程来处理每个请求，耗时且耗资源，而FastCGI则是通过master-worker形式来处理每个请求，即启动一个master主进程，然后根据配置启动几个worker进程，当请求进来时，master会从worker进程中选择一个去处理请求，这样就避免了重复的生成和杀死进程带来的频繁cpu上下文切换而导致耗时
2.2 httpd与php结合的方式httpd与php结合的方式有以下三种：
modules：php将以httpd的扩展模块形式存在，需要加载动态资源时，httpd可以直接通过php模块来加工资源并返回给客户端 httpd prefork：libphp5.so（多进程模型的php）httpd event or worker：libphp5-zts.so（线程模型的php）CGI：httpd需要加载动态资源时，通过CGI与php解释器联系，获得php执行的结果，此时httpd负责与php连接的建立和断开等FastCGI：利用php-fpm机制，启动为服务进程，php自行运行为一个服务，https通过socket与php通信较于CGI方式，FastCGI更为常用，很少有人使用CGI方式来加载动态资源
2.3 web工作流程通过上面的图说明一下web的工作流程：
客户端通过http协议请求web服务器资源web服务器收到请求后判断客户端请求的资源是静态资源或是动态资源 若是静态资源则直接从本地文件系统取之返回给客户端。否则若为动态资源则通过FastCGI协议与php服务器联系，通过CGI程序的master进程调度worker进程来执行程序以获得客户端请求的动态资源，并将执行的结果通过FastCGI协议返回给httpd服务器，httpd服务器收到php的执行结果后将其封装为http响应报文响应给客户端。在执行程序获取动态资源时若需要获得数据库中的资源时，由Php服务器通过mysql协议与MySQL/MariaDB服务器交互，取之而后返回给httpd，httpd将从php服务器收到的执行结果封装成http响应报文响应给客户端。3. lamp平台构建环境说明：
系统平台
IP
需要安装的服务
centos8
192.168.111.138
httpd-2.4 mysql-5.7 php php-mysql
lamp平台软件安装次序：
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制 httpd --> mysql --> php注意：php要求httpd使用prefork MPM
3.1 安装httpd代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制##YUM源配置
[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@100 ~]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm
[root@100 ~]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.example/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
[root@100 ~]# sed -i 's|^metalink|#metalink|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
##安装开发工具包
[root@localhost ~]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'
##创建apache服务的用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
[root@localhost ~]# id apache
uid=994(apache) gid=991(apache) groups=991(apache)
##安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++
##下载和安装apr与apr-util
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost ~]#wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]#wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# ls
apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 debug kernels
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# ls
apr-1.6.5 apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.6.1 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 debug kernels
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-1.6.5
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# vim configure
cfgfile="${ofile}T"
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
# $RM "$cfgfile" //将此行加上注释，或者删除此行
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
配置过程略...
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make && make install
编译安装过程略...
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# cd /usr/src/apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
配置过程略...
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
编译安装过程略...
##编译安装httpd
[root@100 src]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.54.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.4.54
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
> --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
> --enable-so \
> --enable-ssl \
> --enable-cgi \
> --enable-rewrite \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-pcre \
> --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
> --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
> --enable-modules=most \
> --enable-mpms-shared=all \
> --with-mpm=prefork
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# make && make install
##安装后配置
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
.....
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
.....
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.54]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# cp sshd.service httpd.service
[root@localhost system]# vim httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=apache server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost system]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@localhost system]# ss -anlt | grep 80
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
##开启80端口
##配置防火墙使得HTTP流量、HTTPS流量能够顺利通过防火墙，并阻挡其他可疑流量
[root@localhost system]# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
success
[root@localhost system]# firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent
success
[root@localhost system]# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost system]# iptables -I INPUT 1 -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT访问
安装完成之后，访问Apache服务，出现默认首页，说明安装成功。
3.2 安装mysql代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制##安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake
##创建mysql用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=993(mysql) gid=990(mysql) groups=990(mysql)
##下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]#wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
##解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
##设置软连接
[root@localhost usr]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
'mysql' -> 'mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/'
##修改目录/usr/local/mysql*的属主属组
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
[root@localhost local]# ll -d mysql*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 2 21:08 mysql -> mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Aug 2 21:05 mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
##添加环境变量
[root@localhost mysql]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin
//头文件—include
[root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /usr/include/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 Jul 26 21:21 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql/include
//库文件—lib
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib/
[root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig
//man文件路径
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
......
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
......
##建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 2 21:16 data
##初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2022-08-02T13:17:30.732811Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-08-02T13:17:30.907500Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-08-02T13:17:30.932432Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-08-02T13:17:30.997587Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 76a6881f-1265-11ed-8422-000c29e16842.
2022-08-02T13:17:30.998294Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-08-02T13:17:31.495168Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-08-02T13:17:31.495186Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-08-02T13:17:31.495869Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-08-02T13:17:31.601283Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o!Ki52Mu_hhh
//请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码，此处密码是o!Ki52Mu_hhh
//再次注意，这个密码是随机的，你的不会跟我一样，一定要记住这个密码，因为一会登录时会用到
[root@localhost mysql]# echo 'o!Ki52Mu_hhh' > passwd
##配置mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
'/usr/local/include/mysql' -> '/usr/local/mysql/include/'
[root@localhost mysql]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost mysql]# ldconfig
##生成配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
##配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# cp httpd.service mysqld.service
[root@localhost system]# vim mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=mysqld server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
##启动mysql
[root@localhost system]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost system]# systemctl enable mysqld
Synchronizing state of mysqld.service with SysV service script with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost system]# ss -anlt | grep 3306
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
##修改密码
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -p
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
//解决办法
[root@localhost mysql]# yum whatprovides libncurses.so.5
Last metadata expiration check: 1:12:26 ago on Tue 02 Aug 2022 08:23:55 PM CST.
Module yaml error: Unexpected key in data: static_context [line 9 col 3]
Module yaml error: Unexpected key in data: static_context [line 9 col 3]
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility libraries
Repo : base
Matched from:
Provide : libncurses.so.5
[root@localhost mysql]# yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
//进入数据库设置新密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'o!Ki52Mu_hhh'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('Passwd123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
//开启远程访问权限
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+---------------+
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//开放3306端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
#重新加载防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success3.3 安装php代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制##安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php-mysqlnd
##下载php并解压
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.30.tar.xz
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf php-7.4.30.tar.xz
##编译安装php
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
> --with-config-file-path=/etc \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-inline-optimization \
> --disable-debug \
> --disable-rpath \
> --enable-shared \
> --enable-soap \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-bcmath \
> --with-iconv \
> --with-bz2 \
> --enable-calendar \
> --with-curl \
> --enable-exif \
> --enable-ftp \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-zlib-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-gettext \
> --enable-json \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-pdo \
> --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
> --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
> --with-readline \
> --enable-shmop \
> --enable-simplexml \
> --enable-sockets \
> --enable-zip \
> --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
> --with-pear \
> --enable-pcntl \
> --enable-posix遇到以下问题的解决方法
configure: error: Package requirements (sqlite3 > 3.7.4) were not met:
Package ‘sqlite3’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# yum -y install sqlite-devel configure: error: Package requirements (oniguruma) were not met:
Package ‘oniguruma’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# yum -y install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm configure: error: Package requirements (libcurl >= 7.15.5) were not met:
Package ‘libcurl’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# yum install -y libcurl-devel.x86_64 error: Please reinstall readline - I cannot find readline.h
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# yum -y install readline-devel当出现如图所示情况
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制//因版本过新导致可选编译项名称不一致
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --help | grep gd
--with-gdbm[=DIR] DBA: GDBM support
--enable-gd Include GD support
--with-external-gd Use external libgd
--with-webp GD: Enable WEBP support (only for bundled libgd)
--with-jpeg GD: Enable JPEG support (only for bundled libgd)
--with-xpm GD: Enable XPM support (only for bundled libgd)
libgd)
--enable-gd-jis-conv GD: Enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support (only
for bundled libgd)
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --help | grep jpeg
--with-jpeg GD: Enable JPEG support (only for bundled libgd)
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --help | grep png
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --help | grep freetype
--with-freetype GD: Enable FreeType 2 support (only for bundled
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --help | grep zip
--with-zip Include Zip read/write support
##找到相应的可选编译项后，继续编译
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
> --with-config-file-path=/etc \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-inline-optimization \
> --disable-debug \
> --disable-rpath \
> --enable-shared \
> --enable-soap \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-bcmath \
> --with-iconv \
> --with-bz2 \
> --enable-calendar \
> --with-curl \
> --enable-exif \
> --enable-ftp \
> --enable-gd \
> --with-jpeg \
> --with-zlib-dir \
> --with-freetype \
> --with-gettext \
> --enable-json \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-pdo \
> --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
> --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
> --with-readline \
> --enable-shmop \
> --enable-simplexml \
> --enable-sockets \
> --with-zip \
> --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
> --with-pear \
> --enable-pcntl \
> --enable-posix
//报错
configure: error: Package requirements (libzip >= 0.11 libzip != 1.3.1 libzip != 1.7.0) were not met:
Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found
Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found
Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found解决方案
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# yum -y install libzip-devel
如图表示PHP模块启用成功
继续编译安装
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# make && make install安装后配置
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cd /usr/local/php7/
[root@localhost php7]# ls
bin etc include lib php sbin var
[root@localhost php7]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php7/bin' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh[root@localhost php7]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php7]# ln -s /usr/local/php7/include/ /usr/include/php7
[root@localhost php7]# echo '/usr/local/php7/lib/' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/php7.conf
[root@localhost php7]# ldconfig
##配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php7]# cd /usr/src/php-7.4.30
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
cp: overwrite '/etc/php.ini'? y
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# ll -d /etc/init.d/php-fpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2402 Aug 2 23:38 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.30]# cd /usr/local/php7/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.d
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50 ;最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5 ;启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 ;最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8 ;最大空闲进程数
##启动 php
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]# cp httpd.service php-fpm.service
[root@localhost system]# vim php-fpm.service
[Unit]
Description=php-fpm server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost system]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost system]# systemctl enable php-fpm
Synchronizing state of php-fpm.service with SysV service script with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable php-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
[root@localhost system]# ss -anlt | grep 9000
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* 4.配置 apache4.1启用代理模块在 apache httpd 2.4 以后已经专门有一个模块针对 FastCGI 的实现，此模块为 mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为 mod_proxy.so 模块的扩展，因此，这两个模块都要加载，编辑 httpd.conf 文件，取消以下两行内容的注释：
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.soLoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制##启用httpd的相关模块
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//取消以下两行内容的注释
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so4.2 配置虚拟主机在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行：
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制ProxyRequests Off //关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1例如：
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/$1注意：
这里写的/var/www/html/是yum源安装方式生成的网页存放目录，这里必须改成你编译安装指定的网页存放路径，禁止直接复制我这里的路径
这里的idfsoft.com是域名，你必须改成你所使用的域名，禁止直接复制此处的域名
这里的$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的http请求
代码语言：javascript代码运行次数：0运行复制##创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/anloe.com
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/htdocs/anloe.com/index.php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
//在配置文件的最后加入以下内容
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/anloe.com"
ServerName www.anloe.com
ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/anloe.com/$1
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
//搜索AddType，添加以下内容
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
#
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #添加此行
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps #添加此行
//搜索dir_module，添加index.php
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
[root@localhost ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* 5.验证修改/etc/hosts文件，添加域名与 IP 的映射。
将 Windows 系统下的C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件移至桌面，使用记事本打开，添加192.168.111.138 www.alone.com，再移回。
在浏览器上使用域名访问，若看到以下界面则表示 lamp 架构搭建成功